Silent Studio Directory - 52 - C. R. Macauley Photoplays, Inc. - US - 1919-1921 - [see Macauley Photoplays, Inc.] C. S. Clancy Productions - UK - 1922-1930s - production company formed by Carl Stearns Clancy; became C. S. Clancy Production Syndicate, Inc. with change to sound. Cactus Features - US - 1921-1922 - trade name for a series of features starring Maryon Aye and “Bob” Reeves released by Rogell- Brown Productions and distributed by Western Pictures Exploitation Company of Los Angeles and Hollywood. Caesar Film - ITALY - 1914-1935 - production and distribution company. Caesar-Film - GERMANY - 1920- 1924 - production and distribution company. California Film Exchange - US - 1912-1917 - distribution company of serials, comedies and features with M. L. Markowitz as general manager; offices located at 54 7th St., San Francisco, 110 E. 4th St., Los Angeles and Lewis Bldg. Phoenix, Arizona; distributed for Universal, 101 Bison and leading brands. California Motion Picture Corp. - US - 1914-1916 - production company founded in San Francisco, California with studios in San Raphael; Herbert Payne was president and Alexander E. Beyfuss was V. P. and general manager; company featured opera singer Beatriz Michelena with her husband George Middleton as production manager and director; distribution was through Alco Film Corp. until Dec. 1914 when they changed distribution to World Film Corp.; in 1916, changed again to states rights but soon ran out of money and closed down the same year.