Silent Studio Directory - 229 - Berst as V. P. and general manager; distributed for Bray Studios, Hal Roach Studios, Mack Sennett Comedies et al; Pathe Exchange sold to Merrill Lynch in 1923 and changed name to American Pathe. Pathe Freres - FRANCE – [see Societe Pathe Freres] Pathe Freres – SWEDEN – 1913 - production company headed by Siegmund Popert to supply films for the international Pathe distribution; closed later same year due to new film alliances in Sweden with Denmark. Pathe Freres Films - UK – 1910- 1924 – distribution company with main office located at 103- 109 Wardour St., Winchester and branches in Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Glascow, Newcastle and Birmingham; distributed for Pasquali Films, Comika, American, AK, Britannia, Nizza, Thalie, Iberico, Artistic, Film D’Art, Italiana, Literaria, Tanagra, Imperium, Swedish Biograph, Phoenix and Meteo. Pathe Russia - RUSSIA - 1907- 1915 - production company opened in 1908 to supply films for the Pathe Empire; sold to Ermolev in 1915, an employee at Pathe Russia, who renamed the studio I. Ermol'ev Co. and gave Pathe exclusive international rights on all films produced. Patria Films – SPAIN – 1915-1924 – production company formed by Benito and Jose Perojo in Madrid. Patriot Film Corp. - US - 1916 - located at 729 Seventh Avenue, New York. Paul Gerson Pictures Corp. – US – 1921 – production company located 353-36110th St., San Francisco, California, with Paul Gerson as president and general manager; produced films directed by William A. Howell and