Silent Studio Directory - 228 - Park-Whiteside Productions – US – 1920-1921 – production company with distribution through Pioneer Pictures. Parufamet - GERMANY – 1925- 1931 - distribution company created from the bailout of Ufa by Paramount and MGM; in December 1925, Paramount and MGM loaned Ufa $4 million and in return Ufa had to reserve 75% of its cinema capacity for American productions plus distribute 20 films from each partner per year in Germany. Pasquali American - US - 1914 - distribution arm for Italian film company Pasquali; offices located at 110 W. 40th Street, New York. Pasquali and Tempo - ITALY - 1909 - production studio in Turin, Italy. Pat Sullivan Comic - US - 1923- 1926 – production company owned by Pat Sullivan and distributed through M. J. Winkler; later changed to Bijou Films, Inc. and Educational Film Exchanges in 1926. Pathe Cinematographe Co. - US - 1904-1915 – distribution arm of Pathe-Freres of France; distributed about 1/3 of all films in the US between 1905-1908; in 1910, opened production studio in Bound Brook, New Jersey; in 1912, built new studio at 1 Congress Street, Jersey City; the Bound Brook studio changed to handle newsreels; World War I demolished French company and they temporarily moved their international headquarters to the U.S.; in 1914, because of the war, merged the American facilities with Eclectic Films and changed company name to Pathe Exchange, Inc. Pathe Exchange, Inc. - US - 1914- 1923 – distribution company formed January 1915 by the merger of Eclectic Films and the U.S. offices of Pathe Freres, called Pathe Cinematographe Co.; located at Pathe Bldg. 25 W. 45th St., New York with Paul Brunet as president and J. A.